Conference Schedule

Day1: August 23, 2018

Keynote Forum

Biography

Stoyan Sarg Sargoytchev completed his PhD in Physics from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 1984. Until 1990, he worked on space research projects coordinated by the program Intercosmos, and on a project of the ESA European agency. From 1990 he was a Visiting Scientist at Cornel University for two years. From 1992 he worked with Canadian government institutions and universities and retired from York University in 2013. Currently he is a Distinguished Scientific Advisor at the World Institute for Scientific Exploration, (WISE), USA

Abstract

The fast growing branches of nanotechnology permitted advancements in different fields. Among them is the recent success in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions/Lattice Enabled Nanoscale reactions (LENR). This requires a new theoretical understanding for processes in atomic sub-nanometric scale. The atomic models derived in the Basic Structures of Matter Supergravitation Unified
Theory (BSM-SG), denoted as the BSM-SG models, fit quite well to this need. The BSM-SG theory reveals the existence of a space microcurvature surrounding the elementary particles and the super dense atomic nuclei. This explains why quantum mechanical models work only with energy levels and not with the dimension of length. The re-examination of scattering experiments from the BSM-SG point of view reveals a complex three-dimensional nuclear structure
different from the quantum mechanical models of atoms based on the Bohr atomic model. Protons and neutrons are not point-like; the atomic nuclei have a much larger overall size, so the Coulomb barrier is not so strong. Therefore, some nuclear transmutations are possible at accessible temperatures. The pattern of the Periodic Table carries a strong signature of the spatial arrangement of protons and neutrons in the atomic nuclei. Nuclear stability depends on the symmetrical arrangement of protons and neutrons. Nuclear spin and nuclear magnetic resonance are also identifiable features of the nuclear configuration. The BSMSG atomic models provide a new opportunity for analysis and prediction of many nuclear transmutations in the field of LENR. This issue is presented in the author’s book ‘Structural Physics of Nuclear Fusion’. The book describes a new method for theoretical estimation of the binding nuclear energy based on the derived nuclear dimensions of hadrons and derived strong force parameters. This provides new considerations for the proper selection of isotopes suitable for realization of cold fusion energy with minimal or no radioactive waste.

Biography

Haruo Sugi has completed his PhD from the University of Tokyo in 1962, and worked in the University of Tokyo, Columbia University and National Institutes of Health. He was Professor and Chairman in the Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Teikyo University from 1973 to 2004 and when he became Emeritus Professor, from 1998 to 2008, he was Chairman of Muscle Committee in the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS).

Abstract

Although more than 50 years have passed since the discovery of the sliding filament mechanism in muscle contraction, molecular mechanism of myosin head power and recovery strokes still remains to be a mystery. Using the gas environmental chamber (EC) attached to the transmission electron microscope, we have succeeded in visualizing and recording myosin head power and recovery strokes in individual myosin heads, coupled with ATP hydrolysis. The results hitherto obtained are summarized as follows: (1) In the absence of actin filaments and ATP, myosin heads fluctuate around a definite neutral position, so that time-averaged myosin head position remains unchanged with time; (2) On ATP application, myosin heads move away from, but not towards, the bare region at the center of myosin filaments, indicating myosin heads perform recovery stroke; (3) The average amplitude of the recovery stroke is ~6 nm; (4) In the presence of actin filaments, myosin heads perform power stroke by stretching adjacent elastic structure due to a limited amount of ATP applied; (5) The average amplitude of power stroke is 3.3 nm at the distal region, and 2.5 nm at the proximal region of myosin head catalytic domain; (6) In both power and recovery strokes, myosin heads return to their neutral position after complete exhaustion of ATP applied, indicating that myosin heads (M) can take three definite positions, i.e., neutral, post-power stroke, and post recovery stroke positions, the transition between them is associated with reaction, M-ATP → M-ADP-Pi. We emphasize that our EC experiments are extremely promising, if coupled with the methods of laser flash photolysis of caged ATP and time-resolved electron microscopy. 

Biography

Roland WiÅ›niewski has received his AB degree, in Mechanical Construction from Warsaw University of Technology (WUT), in 1956. Has started to work at WUT in 1952, has completed his PhD at the Electronics Faculty of WUT in 1964. He was Deputy Professor from 1974 and Full Professor from 1983 in Physics Faculty of WUT, Retired Professor since 2001.  He headed a research group on High Pressure Physics and Technology (from 1956) and in Nuclear Physics (2000 - 2014) as Professor at National Center for Nuclear Research (PL), cooperating with Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, RF). He has been Author  (or Co-author) of over 250 published papers in scientific and technology journals, has 30 applied patents, has presented in 50 international Conferences and was Supervisor of 9 thesis (PhD degree). He was awarded by the Cavalier Cross of the Rebirth of Polish Order, by the National Education Commission Medal and by others. 

Abstract

The paper presents, observed by authors, some physical properties and possible crystallographic structure of the carbon rich (graphite-like) elements which were found in the high pressure chamber (HPC) fulfilled before gamma irradiation only by pure gaseous helium under pressure (1 – 3) kbar.  A helium HPC filled up with pure gaseous helium at initial pressure about 1.1 kbar was irradiated by braking γ-rays of 10 MeV threshold energy during 1.0·105 s at the electron beam current (22-24) μА. After irradiation, the residual pressure inside was much lower and equal to 430 bar. Synthesized of macroscopic amount foils of black color and of 0.22 mm thickness and other multiple objects were found inside the HeHPC. The element analysis, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microprobe roentgen analysis (MPRA), allowed us to establish that the foils consist  predominantly of carbon and oxygen and  smaller quantities of other elements (tentative weight % content: 60% C, 30% O, 3% Mg, 2% N, 0.14% Si...). Two years later some physical properties such as low density (1.20±0.20 g/cm3), high resistivity (more than E5 micro ohm m), high paramagnetic properties and medium dielectric relative constant were determined. Mechanical compressive strength to be of order of 10 MPa was noted. Temperature investigation pointed out its melting temperature to be no higher than 4000C. A new carbon-reach structure (graphite–like, with typical carbon graphite planes and with oxygen, magnesium and so on atoms between) was also postulated based on obtained diffractometer data (using Siemens D500 powder diffractometer, equipped with high-resolution Si semiconductor detector). Also the second method for element content determination (EDX), in principle, has confirmed the previous one. The theory of observed phenomenon was based on postulated so called transnucleus phenomenon which took place in dense helium irradiated by proper gamma rays. Multinuclear reaction in irradiated condensed helium seems to be a new macro, micro technology. 

Tracks

  • Nanostructured materials | Nanostructured Materials | Materials Chemistry | Carbon Materials In Energy | Materials Physics | Emerging Technologies In Material Science | Aerospace materials | Polymer Energy Materials
Location:
Speaker

Roland Wiśniewski

Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Chair

Speaker

Stoyan Sarg Sargoytchev

World Institute for Scientific Exploration, USA

Co Chair

Biography

Tsvetanka S Zheleva is the Associate Chief for the Energy and Power Division at ARL. Her expertise is in the areas of Applied Physics and Materials Science. She has published her research in over 150 publications in the areas of thin film physics, semiconductor materials and devices, interface engineering, structural analysis of device heterostructures. She holds 12 patents and her work is cited over 4000 times in peer reviewed journals and patent literature. 

Abstract

The demand for very high or extremely low power consumption, improved performance, and reduced cost, size, and weight, motivate the electronic materials research focus of the Energy and Power (E&P) programs at the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL). A brief overview of our programs on electronic materials will be provided. This includes growth, processing, characterization and fabrication of materials and devices, including modeling and simulation of materials characteristics and devices operation. Much of our efforts are on efficient energy conversion materials, including materials and devices for photovoltaics, thermophotovoltaics, betavoltaics, thermoelectrics, pyroelectrics and others. Examples from our programs on high power and low power electronics will be discussed in more detail. One aspect of our high power, high temperature electronics program includes research on wide bandgap materials and devices: correlation of structural, analytical and electrical characteristics of SiC MOS device structures. On the other side of the spectrum, the low power, low loss, energy efficient electronics, a new class of materials are emerging, quantum materials and the corresponding devices enabling unique electronic properties and functionalities. An example of our program on quantum materials includes PbSnTe-based topological insulators, including materials growth, processing and characterization of the topological device structures. Much of our research is performed in close collaboration with our partners from the open campus and the ARL extended capabilities. A brief summary of the various collaborative opportunities with ARL will be presented at the end.

 

Biography

John Owen Roberts has been an Open University Science Tutor for 30 years having attended Rutherford Appleton Lab and CERN as a Summer School Student. He has been a freelance tutor of Maths, Physics and Chemistry for many years and wrote the book “Those Infinities and the Periodic Table” over a period of 5 years from an idea in December 2010.

Abstract

The patterns of stable quantum states in the periodic table are inverted and extended to infinity in both directions to accommodate spatial variation relative to the nucleus. The upper end leads to a cut off point for white matter. The lower end represents quantum states in plasma. At 10-15 m to 10-20 m the interaction between weak and strong gravity forces results in suitable boundary conditions for the production of elementary particles. Chemical classification of the elements requires convergence of chemical properties and quantum states. By defining group number as the maximum number of electrons in any one shell, Hydrogen and Helium are moved to the first set of 2(1)2 states first proposed by Janet. The atomic numbers are adjusted and mass number removed as it is an average of isotopes of each element produced in every supernova. This produces the Roberts Janet Nuclear Periodic Table which proposes two zero states, a cut off and start point, of the electric field in attractive than repulsive modes. By symmetry of these fields energy states emerge in plasma with the counter intuitive property that the nearer the nucleus the greater the number of energy states. Fusion results and the consequential recycling implies a more rapid collapse than supernovae given sufficient energy density that could create an as yet unobserved interaction at 10-50 m to 10-65 m between the strong and gravity forces. String theory and extra dimensions may be required to explain such mechanisms and multiverses

Biography

Mitic obtained his B.Sc. degree 1982 in Material science at the University of Nis; M.Sc. degree 1990 in Material science at the University of Belgrade and Ph.D. in Material science at the University of Nis. In 1995 he got position of research scientist at the Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts; 1999 Mitic was promoted to senior (higher) scientific associate at the Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts – elected into the Center for Multidisciplinary Studies, University of Belgrade - main research field: Electronic Ceramic Materials.

 

Abstract

In science and technology, means and tools are always adjusted to the problem. The orderly packed atomic structures suits Euclidian geometry, up to the nano sizes, but it is not suitable for rather characterized particles flows and irregular structures. In order to analyse these structures, our previous research open fractal approach new frontiers. The notable trend is that a wide range of disordered systems, e.g., linear and branched polymers, biopolymers, epoxy resins and percolation clusters can be characterized by the fractal nature over a microscopic correlation length. It is favourable to the fact that energy transformations are permitted on a small scale. The modern material science faces with very important priorities of the new perspectives which open new directions within deeper structure knowledge even down to nano and due to lack of energy, towards new and alternative energy sources. Through our up today research, we recognize that BaTiO3 and other ceramics, as well as synthetized diamonds, have fractal configuration nature based on three different phenomena: first, ceramic grains have fractal shape seeing as a contour in cross section or as a surface, second, there are so called “negative space”, pores and inter-granular space plays an important role in micro-capacity, microelectronics, PTCR, and other phenomena, third, there is Brownian fractal motions process inside the material during and after sintering in the form of micro-particles flow (ions, atoms and electrons). The stress in this note is set on inter-granular supermicro-capacity in function of higher energy harvesting and energy storage. An attention is paid to components affecting overall impedances distribution, too. Fractal theory allows recognizing micro-capacitors with fractal electrodes. The method is based on iterative process of interpolation which is compatible with the model of grains itself. Inter-granular permeability is taken as a function of temperature as fundamental thermodynamic parameter. All our research and scientific approach is completed and fulfilled in the area of the microstructure Minkowski hull analysis, micro scales fractal relativization (mega-mezo-micro-nano), fractal curvatures tensor product, thermodynamic parameters (temperature, Gibbs energy and entropy), ferroelectric properties (Curie-Weiss law and Clausius-Mossotti equation), on the way to the new lights in future fractal microelectronics.

Biography

John Campbell is a Physicist from Cambridge, Sheffield and Birmingham Universities. His interest is in the Liquid and Solid States during Metal Manufacture. He has worked in industry, developing casting processes, building and running casting operations for much of his life. As a Prof of Casting Technology at the University of Birmingham, he is responsible for the bifilm concept, and the development of the naturally pressurised filling system design for castings. He is the author of too many papers and patents and several books: his ‘Complete Casting Handbook’ is not for the faint-hearted. He is an indefatigable promoter for the manufacture of defect-free cast products

Abstract

Entrainment defects from the casting process are inherited by the solidified metal, leading to defects which are the source of the universal crack initiators, the Griffith cracks in metals. Examination of existing and accepted crack initiating mechanisms finds them all wanting; none currently appear to explain crack formation and propagation. It follows that the inherited casting defects may be the only source of failure. The elimination of these defects, which appears to be possible, should therefore lead to the elimination of cracking in metals. Evidence is accruing to indicate the truth of this prediction. The consequent elimination of the common failure processes such as fatigue, creep, stress corrosion cracking, etc. all appear possible. For aerospace, an enhanced electroslag (ESR) process for steels and Ni alloys is recommended but vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is not, it appears to be fundamentally flawed and unsuitable for safety critical applications.

Biography

Shrikant Jadhav has qualified Masters’ of Engineering from IIT Bombay with experience in the industry across, Metallurgy, Quality Assurance, Mechanical Functions, Production Line, Operations, Safety and currently spearheading as metallurgical researcher with Bharat Forge Limited, Pune. He has expertise in Material Science and Manufacturing Process. Currently spread heading his knowledge in Research and development department in Bharat forges Ltd which is world’s number one forging industry. He is well versed in conceptualizing and implementing new product development failure analysis and materials projects. He is responsible for design and develops the mechanical and thermal forging process to modify steel, aluminum and their alloy. Conduct chemical and physical analytical research on steel, aluminum and its alloys

Abstract

Metals, which are especially used in the hot forging applications, are stable, when exposed to the atmosphere, at high and low temperatures. Metals such as iron, rusts and get oxidized very rapidly, while the other metals such as nickel, chromium corrode relatively slowly. Therefore it is important to study oxidation process along with film thickness of the oxide layer. The role of various alloying elements and its oxides during oxidation process need to be understood. Copper strongly influences the microstructure of micro alloyed steel since segregation of Cu occurs in steel during oxidation. Samples containing various Ni/Cu ratios are studied in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Four samples of ratio of 1.8, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0 with dimension size 25 mm X 25 mm are studied. The sample which has ratio of 1.8 gives better results since it shows minimal severity in cracking and optimum thickness is achieved.

Biography

Satoshi Fujii was born in Osaka, Japan, in 1962. He received his BS and MS degrees in Material Science from Tsukuba University, Ibaragi, Japan, in 1985 and 1987, respectively. He received his PhD degree in Material Engineering from Kyoto Institute of Technology in 2007. In 1987, he joined Sumitomo Electric Industries and engaged in research on GaAs ICs in Opto-electronics Laboratories. Since 1992, he has been with Itami Research Laboratories, engaged in research on diamond SAW devices. In 2004, he moved to the Advanced Technology Development Center, Seiko-Epson Corp., in order to study diamond SAW devices and related modules. In 2009, he moved to Chiba University in order to encourage PhD students to become leaders in industry, and to continue his studies on diamond SAW devices and microwave chemistry with Prof. Wada. In 2015, he joined the faculty of the National Institute of Technology, Okinawa as a Professor.

Abstract

Chemical reactions carried out under microwave irradiation often have high reaction rates and high selectivities, which enable compact reactor sizes and energy-conservation processes. Thus, microwave chemical processing and chemical synthesis have attracted considerable interest, as they will be employed for greatly improving process efficiencies and conserving energy for realizing Green Chemistry or Green Engineering. We have applied this technology to reduction process of several metal oxides, such as magnesium oxide, scandium oxide, copper oxide, and magnetite. It was found that those reduction processes has been done with low temperature under microwave irradiation in comparison with conventional heat process. Sometimes, oxide does not absorb microwave energy well and does not generate heat well. So, when electrical conductivity material used as a reducing agent was mixed with metal oxide and made into an antenna structure, it became easier to absorb the microwave energy and reduce the temperature. In smelting of magnesium, we have successfully obtained small amount of magnesium metal using a microwave irradiation with high yield of 71%, and also showed quarter of energy consumption in comparison with conventional process, which is called Pidgeon process.

Biography

Hiroyuki Aoki is a Senior Scientist in Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency. He obtained his degrees of BE, ME, and PhD from Kyoto University in 1996, 1998, and 2001, respectively. He became an Assistant Professor of Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University in 2001 and promoted to an Associate Professor in 2006. In 2016, he moved to J-PARC as a Senior Scientist. His research interests are focused on structure and dynamics of polymer materials at the single molecule scale. He was awarded Inoue Research Award for Young Scientist from Inoue Foundation for Science (2002), Young Scientist Lectureship Award (2008), SPSJ Award for the outstanding paper in Polymer Journal (2008), and SPSJ Science Award from Society of Polymer Chemistry, Japan (2016).

Abstract

A polymer material shows unique physical properties such as viscoelasticity. The origin of the various characteristic properties of polymers is the large degree of freedom of individual molecule, which has a long chain-like shape with large molecular weight. Therefore, the direct information of the conformation and dynamics of a single polymer chain is a key to understand the fundamental aspect of polymer physics. The most powerful method to observe single polymer chains is the fluorescence imaging of the dye-labelled polymer chain dispersed in the unlabelled polymer matrix. However, the information from the fluorescence microscopy has been limited because the structure smaller than 200 nm cannot be observed by optical microscopy because of the diffraction limit of light. Recent development of optical microscopy enabled the fluorescence imaging with the high spatial resolution of ~10 nm beyond the diffraction barrier. We employed the super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to study the structure and dynamics of polymer materials at the single chain level. The current talk deals with the principle of the super-resolution microscopy for polymers and its application to investigate the conformational dynamics of single polymer chain in macroscopic deformation processes.

Biography

Gajanan Kulkarni has qualified Masters’ of Engineering from Defense institute of advance technology (DIAT), Pune with experience in the industry across, metallurgy, quality assurance, mechanical functions, production line, operations, safety and currently spearheading as Metallurgical Researcher with Bharat Forge Limited, Pune. He has his expertise in Material Science and Manufacturing Process. Currently spreads heading his knowledge in Research and development department in Bharat forge Ltd which is world’s number one forging industry. He is well versed in conceptualizing and implementing new product design and development, analysis and materials projects. He is responsible for designing and developing the mechanical and thermal forging process to modify steel, titanium, aluminum and their alloy. Conduct chemical and physical analytical research on steel, titanium, aluminum and their alloy

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of room temperature deformation on the microstructural behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy. To study this, room temperature uniaxial compression test was carried out at low strain rate of 0.01 s-1 with increase in 5% stepwise degree of deformation up to fracture. At each stage of the deformation, stress strain curve was correlated with change in microstructure and grain orientation. Microstructural evolution and grain orientations are mapped at each stage of deformation with the help of electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) and optical microscopy. Fracture of material occurs within 30% of deformation and exhibit grain refinement.  Flow stress increases with increase in deformation and indexed in terms of increase in strain hardening exponent and hardness. EBSD mapping and microstructural analysis confirms Alpha phase fragmentation and grain size reduction. Deformed sample exhibit basal texture with increasing deformation.

 

Biography

Maryam Yazdan Mehr did her PhD at Delft University of Technology from 2011 to till 2015, associated with Professor Zhang and Professor van Driel in the ECTM group at TUDelft. During her PhD, she worked on Organic Materials Degradation in Solid State Applications. During this project, the reliability and degradation of LEDs was for the first time studied from both materials and system perspective. One of the greatest achievements in this project was developing a high accelerated ageing test methodology. The set-up and the concept are now being used by Philips Lighting. So far, she has published almost 16 journal papers, more than 10 conference papers, and a book chapter. After her PhD, she applied for an HTSM grant as a Post-doc and it was granted in 2016. In June 2017, she started her Post- doc project entitled Reliability of Optical Materials in LED-based Products under Harsh Environments in the group of Professor Zhang at TU Delft.

Abstract

This paper aims at synthesizing and characterization of nanocrystalline CoFeMnNiAl high-entropy alloy (HEA), using mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Effects of mechanical alloying time on the morphology of powders, crystallite size and lattice strain of the synthesized powders were investigated, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Synthesized powders were then consolidated by means of spark plasma sintering (SPS). Effects of sintering temperature on the mechanical properties of CoFeMnNiAl alloy were studied as well. Results show that single phase high entropy alloy; with FCC structure is formed after 30 h of milling. Further increase in milling time is associated with the appearance of BCC phase. As well, results show that SPS temperature has significant influence on the phase composition and mechanical properties of the synthesized alloy. 

Biography

Niketan Manthani, has done his Post-graduation in Metallurgy from IIT Bombay with experience in the industry across, Metallurgy, Quality Assurance, Mechanical Functions, Production Line, Operations and Safety. His research interests include surface treatment process, failure analysis, new product development and currently spearheading as Metallurgical Researcher with Bharat Forge Limited, Pune. Bharat Forge Limited is metallurgical driven company which has expertise in material science and manufacturing process. Bharat forge is into many fields, and at present it is moving into non-automotive sector too. We are exploring our research into numerous fields ranging from Nanotechnology to Megastructures. Bharat Forge is rightly called the biggest forging company in world.

Abstract

Boronizing has been employed to increase the service life of parts such as orifices, ingot molds and dies for hot forming made of AISI H13steel. In this study, pack boronizing of AISI H13 Steel was done. Samples were boronized at 950OC for 0.5 hr, 1 hr and 4 hr. In all the specimens both the iron boride layers (FeB, Fe2B) were formed. It was seen that as soaking time increases, thickness of boride depth also increases. Continuous decrease in the hardness from surface to unboronized layer was observed. Boronized specimen at 950OC for 4 hr showed better hardness and so was studied for further investigation. This study was compared with Nitrocarburized cycle at 550OC for 12 hr. High wear resistance was observed in the boronized specimen than in nitrocarburized sample. COF was ranging from 0.40 to 0.70.